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A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Magnoliophyte, also called angiosperms).
The biological function of a flower is to facilitate reproduction, usually by providing a mechanism for the union of sperm with eggs.
Flowers may facilitate outcrossing (fusion of sperm and eggs from different individuals in a population) resulting from cross-pollination or allow selling (fusion of sperm and egg from the same flower) when self-pollination occurs.


The flower has two essential parts: the vegetative part, consisting of petals and associated structures in the perianth, and the reproductive or sexual parts.
A stereotypical flower consists of four kinds of structures attached to the tip of a short stalk. Each of these kinds of parts is arranged in a whorl on the receptacle.
The four main whorls (starting from the base of the flower or lowest node and working upwards) are as follows:


Although the arrangement described above is considered "typical", plant species show a wide variation in floral structure.
These modifications have significance in the evolution of flowering plants and are used extensively by botanists to establish relationships among plant species.